The Japanese Tea Ceremony The Japanese tea ceremony is called Chanoyu, Sado or simply Ocha in Japanese. Japanese tea utensils have also evolved. Men may wear kimono only, or (for more formal occasions) a combination of kimono and hakama (a long, divided or undivided skirt worn over the kimono). When entering a Japanese tea house we may find a variety of tea ceremony utensils used to prepare Japanese matcha green tea. But did you know tea is also a part of an important ceremony? Yugen is the Japanese aesthetic of mystery. The word ’ceremony’ is something of a poor translation in English because it implies a certain formality which is something tea … It remains one of the tea ceremony's most important rules of etiquette. One notices this characteristic when viewing the weathered, aged materials that surround the tea room. The character of “the road” means to master one’s subject, and for “Sadou”, it is the road to master the world of tea. For instance, when walking on tatami it is customary to shuffle, to avoid causing disturbance. 1597 The first English mention of tea appears in a translation of a Dutch navigator's travels. However, it was not until the Tang Dynasty(618-907 CE) that tea-drinking spread to the aristocracy, the only people who could afford such an expensive drink. Japanese tea ceremonies are typically conducted in specially constructed spaces or rooms designed for the purpose of tea ceremony. The matcha tea ceremony has been an integral part of the traditional Japanese culture for centuries. Those who have earned the right may wear a kimono with a jittoku (十徳) or juttoku jacket instead of hakama. Cleaning the Tools. The Way of Tea - this is what sado literally means. By imperial order in 816, tea plantations began to be cultivated in the Kinki region of Japan. Ideally, the configuration of the tatami in a 4.5 mat room changes with the season as well. In order to understand the universe people must empty their minds. What is the Japanese Tea Ceremony? Bookings can be made online (Japanese only). Also, its health benefits are widely touted and generally accepted worldwide. In Japan, drinking tea can involve special tools and a cherished ritual. “Sabi” represents the material side of life and it means weathered or decayed. Unlike ikebana (which often uses shallow, wide dishes), tall, narrow hanaire are frequently used in chabana. Sometimes, nothing's as soothing as a good cup of tea. The Japanese tea ceremony gives a positive impact and teaches good characteristics that need to be instilled in everyone such as manners, beauty, simplicity, respect, appreciation, discipline, humbleness and kindness. Japanese Tea Ceremony: Modern Day. One of the most famous ceremonies in the world, the Japanese tea ceremony, called chanoyu or chado (“The Way of Tea”), is a complex ritual rich with meaning and tradition. In summer, the hearth is covered either with a small square of extra tatami, or, more commonly, the hearth tatami is replaced with a full mat, totally hiding the hearth. Japanese Tea Ceremony: Modern Day. The Japanese Tea Ceremony may seem a bit too complex to understand with so many existing types, tools and specific vocabulary, but in fact the tea ceremony involves the practical and aesthetical matcha preparation and the attempt to connect with the guests, and sometimes with nature at a high spiritual level. This is part of common Japanese tea ceremony etiquette. Once these basic steps have been mastered, students begin to practice the simplest temae, typically beginning with O-bon temae. Many of the items are smaller than usual, to fit in the box. Ideally, the waiting room has a tatami floor and an alcove (tokonoma), in which is displayed a hanging scroll which may allude to the season, the theme of the chaji, or some other appropriate theme. It also has an attached preparation area known as a mizuya. The act of performing these procedures during a chaji is called "doing temae". But to understand the true meaning of the ceremony as well as the tea tools is difficult. This can be seen in people. Sado - Tea Ceremony. In many minds, the formal tea ceremony is an iconic representation of Japanese culture, and today it is even more ingrained in the Japanese lifestyle than it is in China, from which the ceremony was borrowed nearly 900 years ago. These are used to determine the exact placement of utensils and myriad other details; when performed by skilled practitioners, the placement of utensils will vary minutely from gathering to gathering. Every object used in the ritual is ritually cleansed, including the tea scoop, the whisk and the tea bowl. A chakai is a relatively simple course of hospitality that includes confections, thin tea, and perhaps a light meal. After Zen monks brought tea to Japan in the 13th century, it was first used at Zen monasteries. The assistant also serves the tea and sweets to the guests. The Japanese tea ceremony is a part of Japanese culture that has been kept for a long time and it's proven that the discipline came from this culture. Many schools of Japanese tea ceremony have evolved through the long history of chadō and are active today. The guest rotates the bowl to avoid drinking from its front, takes a sip, and compliments the host on the tea. The first things new students learn are how to correctly open and close sliding doors, how to walk on tatami, how to enter and exit the tea room, how to bow and to whom and when to do so, how to wash, store and care for the various equipment, how to fold the fukusa, how to ritually clean tea equipment, and how to wash and fold chakin. This gathering takes approximately 35–40 minutes. Many of the movements and components of tea ceremonies evolved from the wearing of kimono. 1591 Japanese tea master Rikyu commits ritual suicide on orders from Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Japanese tea bowls or chawans are part of a cherish ritual called the Japanese tea ceremony or chanoyu, on which a special kind of powdered green tea called matcha is prepared and drunk. The entry states that Eichū personally prepared and served sencha (tea beverage made by steeping tea leaves in hot water) to Emperor Saga, who was on an excursion in Karasaki (in present Shiga Prefecture) in 815. Experiencing a tea ceremony gives you a glimpse into a fascinating part of Japanese culture that has a lot of history and cultural significance. But the story of how it came to be is an epic tale spanning centuries, including political intrigue, murder and suicide along the way. Chado, chanoyu, or sado: Tea ceremony The outer portion of tea ceremony emphasizes the Japanese concept of “sabi,” or the material life. In Japanese, the tea ceremony is called chanoyu, meaning ‘hot water for tea’, or chado or sado, meaning ‘way of the tea’, tea being cha in Japanese. As the terms imply, koicha is a thick blend of matcha and hot water that requires about three times as much tea to the equivalent amount of water than usucha. Sen no Rikyū was the leading teamaster of the regent Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who greatly supported him in codifying and spreading the way of tea, also as a means of solidifying his own political power. Japanese Tea Ceremony spread even around the world after World War II, and the popularization of Japanese Tea Ceremony achieved world level recognition. For women, the type of kimono worn is usually an iromuji - a solid-colour, unpatterned kimono, worn with a nagoya obi in an appropriate fabric; slub-weave silks, shibori patterns and generally bright-coloured obi are not worn. Japanese tea ceremony (known as sadō/chadō (茶道, "The Way of Tea") or cha-no-yu (茶の湯)) is a Japanese cultural activity involving the ceremonial preparation and presentation of matcha (抹茶), powdered green tea, the art of which is called (o)temae ([お]手前/[お]点前).[1]. Particularly among the nobility, understanding emptiness was considered the most effective means to spiritual awakening, while embracing imperfection was honoured as a reminder to cherish one's unpolished and unfinished nature – considered to be the first step to "satori", or enlightenment. The Japanese tea ceremony is a ceremonial way of preparing and drinking tea in a special tea room. Expressions at the Tea Ceremony. The symbiotic relationship between politics and tea was at its height. One must avoid walking on the joins between mats, one practical reason being that that would tend to damage the tatami. A tea person uses his fan to designate the boundary, and simultaneously to create the connection between himself, and whomever or whatever he/she is addressing. Even in present day, Japanese culture stresses the importance of new encounters, illustrating the degree to which the spirit of omotenashi has permeated Japanese daily life. The meaning of the phrase Chado is “The Tea Way” and not exactly the tea ceremony. The host will then proceed with the preparation of an individual bowl of thin tea to be served to each guest. In a 4.5 mat room, the mats are placed in a circular pattern around a centre mat. A phrase meaning this time together is a one time opportunity, so make the best of it. As they master the basics, students will be instructed on how to prepare the powdered tea for use, how to fill the tea caddy, and finally, how to measure the tea and water and whisk it to the proper consistency. The actual preparation of matcha doesn’t start until the host brings in the tools, … After all the guests have enjoyed the tea, it’s time to clean the bowl. Tea had been known in China for over a thousand years by the time it became popular in Japan. One of the most famous ceremonies in the world, the Japanese tea ceremony, called chanoyu or chado (“The Way of Tea”), is a complex ritual rich with meaning and tradition. One year later the regent ordered his teamaster to commit ritual suicide. Chabana arrangements typically comprise few items, and little or no filler material. New students may be taught mostly by more advanced students; the most advanced students are taught exclusively by the teacher. More from Time Out His ideas would have a strong influence in the development of the Japanese tea.[6]. The Japanese Tea Ceremony (Chanoyu), otherwise known as the ‘Way of Tea’ (Sado or Ocha) involves the preparation and serving of Seasonality and the changing of the seasons are considered important for enjoyment of tea and tea ceremony. A special tatami is used which has a cut-out section providing access to the hearth. Having been summoned back to the tea room by the sound of a bell or gong rung in prescribed ways, the guests again purify themselves and examine the items placed in the tea room. The Japanese phrase Chanoyu, translated literally as “hot water for tea,” refers to the tradition of preparing and serving powdered green tea in a highly stylized manner.The art of Chanoyu, also called “tea gathering” by practitioners, combines elements encompassing fine and applied arts, architecture, landscape design, and etiquette. In some cases, advanced students may be given permission to wear the school's mark in place of the usual family crests on formal kimono. For instance, a tea gathering can be held picnic-style in the outdoors, known as nodate (野点). These literature study then be applied as philosophical method in proposing an artwork based on cultural elements. In China, serving tea when guests come is a very traditional propriety. There are several schools of Sado, or Japanese tea ceremony, also known as Chado or Chanoyu. Chashitsu can also refer to free-standing buildings for tea. The procedure is repeated until everyone has taken tea from the same bowl. The guests are served a cup of the hot water, kombu tea, roasted barley tea, or sakurayu. [2] However, the interest in tea in Japan faded after this. In the 1906 essay The Book of Tea, written by the scholar Okakura Kakuzō (1862–1913), chadō is described as follows: It insulates purity and harmony, the mystery of mutual charity, the romanticism of the social order. His teachings perfected many newly developed forms in architecture and gardens, art, and the full development of the "way of tea". It can also be reflected in the art, food, architecture and gardens associated with tea ceremony. Chabako developed as a convenient way to prepare the necessary equipment for making tea outdoors. Purpose-built tea rooms have a sunken hearth in the floor which is used in winter. Jaku, on the other hand, is pure creation. It states that things are more attractive when something is held back. A purpose-built chashitsu typically has a low ceiling, a hearth built into the floor, an alcove for hanging scrolls and placing other decorative objects, and separate entrances for host and guests. Serving ware and garnishes are as much a part of the kaiseki experience as the food; some might argue that the aesthetic experience of seeing the food is even more important than the physical experience of eating it. By the 16th century, tea drinking had spread to all levels of society in Japan. In Japanese language the ceremony is named “Chanoyu” which translates as “hot water for tea”, and “Sado” or simply “Ocha” which translate as “the way of tea”. It originally came from the ritual tea-drinking practiced by Zen monks in Japan during the 8th century. A purpose-built room designed for the wabi style of tea is called a chashitsu, and is ideally 4.5-tatami wide and long in floor area. A 4.5-mat room is considered standard, but smaller and larger rooms are also used. It evolved from the "free-form" style of ikebana called nageirebana (投げ入れ, "throw-in flowers"), which was used by early tea masters. They take a sip, compliment the host on the tea, bow and then wipe the rim and pass it along to the second guest. (This examination is done to show respect and admiration for the host. Historical documents on the subject include the 8th-century Chinese monograph The Classic of Tea and the 12th-century Chinese book Treatise on Tea. Bows are exchanged and then the first guest is given a bowl of tea. While in earlier portions of the gathering conversation is limited to a few formal comments exchanged between the first guest and the host, in the usucha portion, after a similar ritual exchange, the guests may engage in casual conversation. Final Stage of the Ceremony. After the death of Rikyū, essentially three schools descended from him to continue the tradition. The Japanese tea ceremony has a long history. The most famous exponent of the tea ceremony was Sen Rikyū, an aesthete at the 16th-century court of the military dictator Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who codified the ceremony into a style known as wabi-cha (meaning roughly “simplicity,” “quietude,” and “absence of ornament”), which still enjoys popularity in Japan. It can also be reflected in the art, food, architecture and gardens associated with tea ceremony. Yugen is the Japanese aesthetic of mystery. Your experience with omotenashi. Bows are exchanged between the host and the guest receiving the tea. Because cha-kaiseki generally follows traditional eating habits in Japan, meat dishes are rare. This permission usually accompanies the granting of a chamei, or "tea name", to the student. The meaning of Omotenashi goes way deeper than just providing outstanding hospitality as the original meaning is to entertain guests wholeheartedly. Chabako temae (茶箱手前) is so called because the equipment is removed from and then replaced into a special box known as a chabako (茶箱, lit. It is a very important ritual that has a lot of meaning within the culture. From China, the h… The form of tea popular in China in Eichū's time was dancha (団茶, "cake tea" or "brick tea")[4] — tea compressed into a nugget in the same manner as pu-er tea. The tea bowl, tea whisk, tea scoop, chakin and tea caddy are placed on a tray, and the hot water is prepared in a kettle called a tetsubin, which is heated on a brazier. It is found in an entry in the Nihon Kōki having to do with the Buddhist monk Eichū (永忠), who had brought some tea back to Japan on his return from China. The name refers to the host's practice of performing the first and last bows while standing. A tea ceremony also meaningful in many other ways. Within Nitobe Memorial Garden, visitors will see an authentic tea house and roji.Tea houses are structures created for the practice of the Japanese tea ceremony, known as chadō or sadō, “the way of tea.”Visitors pass through the Roji, a garden that literally means “dewy ground,” on their way into the tea house.. Some contain only a single character; in summer, kaze (風, "wind") would be appropriate. During the following decennia tea became a popular commodity for the common people as well. When the last guest has taken their place, they close the door with an audible sound to alert the host, who enters the tea room and welcomes each guest, and then answers questions posed by the first guest about the scroll and other items. The use of Japanese tea developed as a "transformative practice" and began to evolve its own aesthetic, in particular that of wabi-sabi principles. Therefore, tea students are taught to step over such joins when walking in the tea room. Following this, guests are served a meal in several courses accompanied by sake and followed by a small sweet (wagashi) eaten from special paper called kaishi (懐紙), which each guest carries, often in a decorative wallet or tucked into the breast of the kimono. The Japanese traditional floor mats, tatami, are used in various ways in tea offerings. Shuffling forces one to slow down, to maintain erect posture, and to walk quietly, and helps one to maintain balance as the combination of tabi and tatami makes for a slippery surface; it is also a function of wearing kimono, which restricts stride length. Learning how to make the tea is not that difficult. Known in English as tea houses, such structures may contain several tea rooms of different sizes and styles, dressing and waiting rooms, and other amenities, and be surrounded by a tea garden called a roji. Japanese tea ceremony is an art form. For the Japanese, tea is a way of life. No matter the style of clothing, the attire worn at a tea gathering is usually subdued and conservative, so as not to be distracting. According to the school, this certificate may warrant that the student has mastered a given temae, or may give the student permission to begin studying a given temae. At certain times of year (primarily during the new year's festivities) the portions of the tatami where guests sit may be covered with a red felt cloth. A chakai may involve only the preparation and serving of thin tea (and accompanying confections), representing the more relaxed, finishing portion of a chaji. Students normally pay a monthly fee which covers tuition and the use of the school's (or teacher's) bowls and other equipment, the tea itself, and the sweets that students serve and eat at every class. “ Ichio oshimae itashimasu ” - “I will finish for now.” The practice of the Japanese Tea Ceremony continues around the world. The guests are summoned back into the tea room and they purify themselves again before examining the items in the room. At a full tea gathering the first Aisatsu will be at the gate before the ceremony starts. Introduction to the Kyoto tea ceremony: Sado, “the way of tea” Firstly, we learnt about the true meaning behind the tea ceremony – a Japanese saying, “ichi go ichi e 一期一会”. A quiet celebration performed with grace and beauty, the matcha tea ritual is a bonding experience of mindfulness, respect and a focus on the now. The tea cermony is in many ways synonymous with Zen since both arrived in Japan from China at the same time. Tea-drinking began in China, and its discovery is credited to the Indian sage Bodhidharma (aka Daruma), the founder of Zen Buddhism. The Japanese Tea Ceremony (Chanoyu), otherwise known as the ‘Way of Tea’ (Sado or Ocha) involves the preparation and serving of the powdered Japanese green tea, matcha. Originally, it meant "worn", "weathered", or "decayed". Edo-komon kimono may also be worn, as their patterns are small enough as to be unobtrusive. Every move is coordinated, every move has a meaning - understanding The Way of Tea is not an easy endeavor. In the summer, when many flowering grasses are in season in Japan, however, it is seasonally appropriate to arrange a number of such flowering grasses in an airy basket-type container. Greetings are usually accompanied by a deep bow in the direction of the person you are greeting. [21][22] It remains associated with the Ōbaku school, and the head temple of Manpuku-ji hosts regular sencha tea conventions. A Japanese woman performs a tea ceremony Interior view of a tea room The tea ceremony represents purity, tranquillity, respect and harmony and a lot of preparation goes into this important event. … For example, certain movements are designed to keep dangling sleeves out of the way or prevent them from becoming dirty. In religious rituals at Buddhist monasteries procedures performed in chadō are known collectively as temae than just a hot.. Disciples of Rikyu, Yamanoue Sōji, was brutally executed on orders from Toyotomi.. 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