He adopted much shallower infantry formations than were common in the pike and shot armies of the era, with formations typically fighting in 5 or 6 ranks, occasionally supported at some distance by another such formation—the gaps being the provinces of the artillery and cavalry as noted above. Gustavus's beard and overall appearance seem to be modeled after those of Eric XIV, rather than the historical Gustavus Adolphus. No commoner co… Gustavus Adolphus Day is celebrated in Sweden, Estonia and Finland each year on 6 November. File:Gustav2AdRiddarh.jpg|thumb|300px|Gustav Adolph's sarcophagus at Riddarholmskyrkan|Riddarholm Church Kustaa II Aadolf (Gustav II Adolf, 9. joulukuuta 1594 Tukholma – 6. marraskuuta 1632 Lützen, aikamäärät juliaanista kalenteria) oli Ruotsin kuningas (arvonimenään Ruotsein, Gööttein ja Vendein kuningas) vuosina 1611–1632. Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden had returned from Brandenburg to supervise the siege, and upon his arrival received the university's homage for the liberation from Catholic forces. Carl von Clausewitz and Napoleon Bonaparte considered him one of the greatest generals of all time; a sentiment agreed with by George S. Patton and others. Both cavalry and infantry could service the artillery, as his heavy cavalry did when turning captured artillery on the opposing Catholic Tercios at First Breitenfeld. Charles IX had usurped the throne, having ejected his nephew Sigismund III Vasa (who was also king of Poland) in 1599, and the resulting dynastic quarrel involved Sweden and Poland in a war that continued intermittently for 60 years. It is more likely that he simply wore a leather cuirass rather than going into battle wearing no battle protection whatsoever. In Finland, the day is also called "the Swedish day". published by Franciscus van Hoeye (Hoeius, Hoejus) line engraving, early 17th century NPG D28559 Gustavus Adolphus was an extremely able military commander. 9 December] 1594 – 16 November [O.S. What are synonyms for Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden? Prior to his embarkment to northern Germany, Gustavus urged the Swedish nobility to follow the example of conquests set by their Gothic ancestors. The history of the life of Gustavus Adolphus, king of Sweden, sirnamed the Great.. by Harte, Walter, 1709-1774. The New United States had proclaimed itself a republic, much to the chargin of Wilhelm and Bernard of Saxe-Weimar, as its territory cut into their hereditary land… Gustav II Adolf, (19 December 1594 – 6 November 1632 (O.S.)) Sweden had little money and only one ally, Transylvania, which was far from his field of actions. De militaire revolutie 1560–1660 (Belfast: M. Boyd, 1956). Unfortunately for Sweden, the career of Gustav Adolphus was cut far too short at the Battle of Lützen in 1632. A history of Gustavus Adolphus' wars was written by Johann Philipp Abelin. With a superb military machine with good weapons, excellent training, and effective field artillery, backed by an efficient government which could provide necessary funds, Gustavus Adolphus was poised to make himself a major European leader, but he was killed at the battle of Lützen in 1632. You May Also Like Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. (lit. Omissions? He formed an army that was quick to attack but also could defend. Currently In-Game. Publication date 1759 Topics Gustaf II Adolf, King of Sweden, 1594-1632 Publisher London : Printed for the author Collection cdl; americana Digitizing sponsor Internet Archive Contributor University of California Libraries Language Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Much has changed in Sweden and at Gustavus since 1862. Gustavus Adolphus (19 December [O.S. He is also the only Swedish monarch to be styled "the Great". He died in the Battle of Lützen in 1632. His early death was a great loss to the Lutheran side. Future commanders who studied and admired Gustav II Adolf include Napoleon I of France and Carl von Clausewitz. The German Socialist Franz Mehring (1846–1919) wrote a biography of Gustavus Adolphus with a Marxist perspective on the actions of the Swedish king during the Thirty Years' War. The main danger, however, seemed to be Sigismund’s attempts to pursue his claims by fifth-column activities in Sweden and propaganda in Europe. : A King of Goths as Emperor of Peace?)" Also, two fingers of his right hand were paralyzed.[9]. Gustavus Adolphus is commemorated today with city squares in major Swedish cities like Stockholm, Gothenburg and Helsingborg. Sigismund … Gustavus Adolphus Day is celebrated in Sweden, Estonia and Finland each year on 6 November, the day the king died at Lützen. Thus the long-standing constitutional struggle between crown and aristocracy was suspended during his reign, largely because of the personality of the sovereign and the unique collaboration between himself and Oxenstierna. Not only had Charles placed Sweden in a calamitous situation internationally, but he had left behind him a legacy of domestic troubles. In 1620 he married Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg. Thus, by their decision he is officially, to this day, to be called Gustaf Adolf the Great (Gustavus Adolphus Magnus). Walter Harte, ... the Second Edition Corrected; With Alterations and Enlargements. Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden synonyms, Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden pronunciation, Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden translation, English dictionary definition of Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden. Burkhardt, Johann. ). Bust of King Gustav Adolph on campus at Gustavus Adolphus College in Minnesota. And in the 1620s a thorough reform professionalized local government and placed it securely under the control of the crown. [8] Meanwhile, a Catholic army under Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly was laying waste to Saxony. The History of the Life of Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, Surnamed the Great. Pikemen could shoot—if not as accurately as those designated musketeers—so a valuable firearm could be kept in the firing line. In a round of this dynastic dispute, Gustavus invaded Livonia when he was 31, beginning the Polish-Swedish War (1625–1629). He led Sweden to military supremacy during the Thirty Years War, helping to determine the political as well as the religious balance of power in Europe. PHOTO GALLERY. In this last respect the outcome proved disappointing, but politically and strategically Stolbova was a treaty of European importance. The manifesto was written by scholar Johann Adler Salvius in a style common of the time that promotes a "just war". Gustavus gains the Swedish throne and three wars (, February 1617. His remains (including his heart) now rest in Riddarholmskyrkan in Stockholm. Gustavus Adolphus is acknowledged as “the father of modern warfare,” for his innovative use of combined arms. He reengineered the way in which his army worked, with simple innovations that proved devastating to his adversaries. In an era characterized by almost endless warfare, he led his armies as king from 1611 (at age 17) until his death in battle in 1632 while leading a charge—as Sweden rose from the status of a mere regional power and run-of-the-mill kingdom to one of the great powers of Europe and a model of early modern era government. Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden 1611-1632 - Google Art Project.jpg 3,692 × 4,511; 6.02 MB Heinrich Bollandt - Gustav II. The aristocracy found in Gustavus a king favourable to their interests. Gustav II Adolph the Great (1594–1632), also called Gustavus Adolphus, in Swedish Gustaf II Adolf den store, was King of Sweden 1604-1632. In 1621, taking advantage of a Turkish attack upon Poland, Gustavus renewed the war with Sigismund. Perhaps Adolphus’ greatest contribution however, was his work in artillery. December 1594 – 16 November [ O.S. ) town charters were granted among... The day is the inspiration for the taking care of the Diasporawork the... 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